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目的了解上海市浦东新区2012-2013年间常见病毒性腹泻的病原学特征,为腹泻病的防控提供依据。方法收集2012-2013年上海市浦东新区14家监测医院腹泻患者的粪便标本,采用实时荧光定量-聚合酶链式反应(real-time PCR)检测轮状病毒、诺如病毒GI型、诺如病毒GII型、星状病毒、扎如病毒和肠腺病毒。结果共检测粪便样本4 214份。1 255份样本检出至少1种病毒核酸,核酸阳性检出率为29.78%。轮状病毒、诺如病毒GI型、诺如病毒GII型、扎如病毒、星状病毒以及肠腺病毒的检出率分别为7.6%、1.4%、18.6%、1.6%、1.5%和1.1%。各年龄组均有病毒检出,其中年龄最小的为1岁,最大为92岁,分别为感染轮状病毒和诺如病毒。病毒性腹泻感染不存在男女差异,但不同年龄组的病毒性腹泻感染有差异。不同病毒病原的感染存在不同的高峰期,但主要集中在秋冬季。结论诺如病毒和轮状病毒是浦东地区病毒性腹泻的主要病原。应该加强对病毒性腹泻的监测,尤其是诺如病毒和轮状病毒。
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of common viral diarrhea in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2012 to 2013 and provide basis for prevention and control of diarrhea. Methods Stool specimens of diarrhea patients from 14 monitoring hospitals in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2012 to 2013 were collected. Real-time PCR was used to detect rotavirus, Norovirus GI, Norovirus GII type, astrovirus, zarlunga virus and enteric adenovirus. Results A total of 4 214 stool samples were tested. 1 255 samples detected at least 1 virus nucleic acid, the positive rate of nucleic acid was 29.78%. The detection rates of rotavirus, Norovirus GI, Norovirus GII, Zarvirus, Astrovirus and enteric adenovirus were 7.6%, 1.4%, 18.6%, 1.6%, 1.5% and 1.1% . Viruses were detected in all age groups, with the youngest being 1 year old and the oldest being 92 years old, respectively, infected with rotavirus and norovirus. Viral diarrhea does not differ between men and women, but there are differences in viral diarrhea among different age groups. Different virus pathogen infection has different peak, but mainly concentrated in autumn and winter. Conclusion Norovirus and rotavirus are the major pathogens of viral diarrhea in Pudong area. Monitoring of viral diarrhea should be stepped up, especially norovirus and rotavirus.