现在的工业生产,迅速地朝着大型化、连续化、高速化、强载化、系统化和自动化的方向发展。因而形成生产体系的规模越来越大;生产系统的功能越来越多;机械产品的性能指标越来越高;整个设备的组成越来越复杂。从一方面说,这可以降低成本,节约能源,减少劳动力,提高产品质量,这都是现代化大生产的优越之处。从男一方面看,它也带来了一些问题,复杂的设备系统中即使是一个小的零件或产品发生故障,即使是很短时间的停产,也将会造成严重的恶果。它所造成的经济损失,远远大于从前落后的低生产水平所产生的结果。所以,随着现代化生产水平的提高,其故障所造成的损失,也将成倍,甚至成十倍百倍地增加。为此,现代化生产把工作可靠性提高到一个非常重要的地位。加强维修工作,是保证机器设备可靠运行的重要一环。因此,近来特别强调全面预防维修(TPM),它不仅指维修,而且也包括管理在内。日美欧各国都很重视TPM.多次互派代表团进行考察。设备诊断技术是维修技术的核心。1967年首先在美国出现,1971年在日本新日铁八幡钢厂开始对它进行研究,进而提出了预测维修方法。设备诊断技术的主要内容是:了解现有的机器,考虑诊断的方法,选择被诊断的设备,找出故障的形态,判定诊断的结果,采取必要的措施。以电机为例,可采用振动诊断仪、探伤器、绝缘诊断装置、温度计等仪器,对轴、轴承、绕组、绝缘老化、裂纹、磨损、异常温升、腐蚀等进行有针对性的诊断,作出结论并采取措施。实行设备诊断技术,对运行中的设备进行严格监视,正确判断,进行有效的实时分析,可以预先防止事故、延长更换周期,提高设备的可靠性以及减轻维修的工作量,但必须重视人员的培养和教据的积累,同时要具备昂贵的诊断仪器。本刊的读者文摘栏中,将以“电气设备的诊断技术”作为重点内容之一。希望大家踊跃投稿。 Today’s industrial production is rapidly moving toward large-scale, continuous, high-speed, heavy-load, systematic and automated development. Thus forming the scale of the production system is getting bigger and bigger; the function of the production system is more and more; the performance index of the mechanical products is getting higher and higher; the composition of the whole equipment is more and more complicated. On the one hand, this can reduce costs, save energy, reduce labor and improve product quality, all of which are the advantages of modern mass production. On the one hand, men also have some problems that even a small part or product in a complex equipment system can fail, even for a short period of time, to produce serious consequences. The economic losses it causes are far greater than those that have been traced back to low levels of production. Therefore, with the improvement of the modern production level, the losses caused by its failure will double or even increase tenfold. To this end, modern production to improve the reliability of the work to a very important position. Strengthening maintenance work is an important part of ensuring the reliable operation of machinery and equipment. Therefore, special emphasis has recently been placed on Total Preventive Maintenance (TPM), which refers not only to maintenance but also management. The United States, Japan, the United States and Europe all attach great importance to the TPM. They have repeatedly sent delegations to conduct inspections. Equipment diagnostic technology is the core of maintenance technology. It first appeared in the United States in 1967, and in 1971 it began researching Nippon Steel at its Hachimantai plant in Japan, and then put forward a forecast maintenance method. The main contents of the equipment diagnosis technology are: to understand the existing machines, to consider the diagnosis method, to choose the equipment to be diagnosed, to find out the fault shape, to determine the diagnosis result and to take the necessary measures. Take the motor as an example, we can make targeted diagnosis on the shaft, bearing, winding, insulation aging, cracks, abrasion, abnormal temperature rise and corrosion by using vibration diagnostic equipment, flaw detector, insulation diagnosis device and thermometer. Conclusion and take measures. The implementation of equipment diagnosis technology, running equipment strictly monitored, the correct judgments, effective real-time analysis, can prevent accidents in advance, to extend the replacement cycle, improve equipment reliability and reduce maintenance workload, but must attach importance to personnel training And the accumulation of teaching, at the same time have expensive diagnostic equipment. The reader’s column digest, will be “diagnostic equipment for electrical equipment” as one of the key elements. I hope everyone will contribute actively.