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目的：探讨—氧化氮(NO)对孵育的肾组织块细胞增生和蛋白合成的影响。方法：取正常Wistar大鼠组织块40-70mg，置于Krebs-Henseleit溶液中，放入37℃恒温并带有摇床(频率100次/分)的孵育箱中孵育2h，孵育液中持续通入混合氧(O2：CO2＝95：5)。细胞增生和蛋白合成分别采用[3H]-胸腺嘧啶和[14C]-亮氨酸掺入法测定。结果：本研究结果显示，低浓度硝普钠(SNP，0．5μmol·L-1)分别引起[3H]-胸腺嘧啶和[14C]-亮氨酸掺入增加(P＜0．01)，而高浓度SNP(50～500μmol·L-1)显著抑制[3H]-胸腺嘧啶和[14C]-亮氨酸掺入(P＜0．01)。oDQ(1-H-[1，2，4]oxadiazolo[4，3-a]quinoxalin-l-one)可显著防止SNP对[3H]-胸腺嘧啶和[14C]-亮氨酸掺入的刺激作用(p＜0．01)，而对高浓度SNP所导致的[3H]-胸腺嘧啶和[14C]-亮氨酸掺入抑制作用无影响。结论：本研究结果提示NO对肾脏细胞增生和蛋白合成有双向性调节作用，其刺激作用可能由cGMP介导。“,”AIM: To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) on cellproliferation and protein synthesis of the incubat ed kidney slices. METHODS: Kidney slices weighing 40～70 mg from normal Wistar rats were incubated with Krebs Henseleit solution at 37 C with 100 cycles/min shaking for 2 hours and continuously oxygenized by the mixed O2(O2: CO2 ＝95: 5). Cell proliferation and protein synthesis were determined by measuring the [3H]thymidine and [14C]leucine in corporation respectively. RESULTS: It was shown that the lower concentration of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0. 5 μmol/ L) exerted a stimulatory effect on [3H]thymidine and [14C]leucine incorporation (P＜0.01, respectively), while the higher concentrations of SNP (50～500 μmol/L) exerted an inhibitory effect on [3H]thymidine and [14C]leucine incorporation ( P＜0. 01. respectively). ODQ ( l-H- [1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin- I-one) could prevent the stimulatory effect of low dose SNP induced [3H]thymidine and [14C]leucine incorporation (P＜0. 01, respectively) rather than the inhibitory effecr induced by high dose of SNP. CONCLUSION: NO might exert biphasic effects on cell proliferation and protein syn thesis to the kidney, and its stimulatory effect may be mediated by cGMP.