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公共利益出现于中国的政策过程之中,是中国社会快速发展所致的利益分化和利益矛盾的必然产物。本文从政府与公众的合作关系角度,试图对中国社会转型过程中的公共利益的界定及其实现问题做出解释。通过回顾公共利益这个概念在中国出现之前后所经历的发展,提供一个经验的基础和历史的背景。随后从社会冲突的视角来分析合作界定公共利益的重要性,认为经由合作来解决冲突、从而实现公共利益的必要性和可能性都是存在的,并对中国政策实践中存在的这一问题做出解释。最后从治理与合作的需要出发,去反思那些引起社会冲突的政策设计,并以此来揭示公共政策领域可能的变化及其政治含义。
Public interest emerged in China’s policy process and is an inevitable result of the divergence of interests and conflicts of interests caused by the rapid development of Chinese society. This article attempts to explain the definition of public interest and its realization in the process of social transformation in China from the perspective of the cooperation between the government and the public. By reviewing the developments experienced before and after the emergence of the concept of public interest in China, it provides an empirical basis and a historical context. Then, from the perspective of social conflicts, it is analyzed the importance of the cooperation to define the public interest. It is considered that the necessity and possibility of resolving the conflicts through cooperation so as to realize the public interest exist. And this problem exists in the practice of Chinese policy Explain. Finally, starting from the needs of governance and cooperation, we should reflect on the design of policies that cause social conflicts and reveal the possible changes in the public policy field and their political implications.