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目的了解达州市疟疾流行概况与防治历程,评价消除措施,为疟疾防控提供科学依据。方法收集整理达州市历年疟疾疫情资料和防控材料,对疟疾流行概况与防治历程进行回顾性分析,总结防治过程和评价消除措施。结果 1981—2013年达州市疟疾发病率呈现先上升后下降趋势,1994年发病率达到高峰,随后逐渐下降,2006年以后无本地感染病例,流行周期不复存在;主要传播媒介为中华按蚊;防治过程分为控制疟疾流行、控制传染源为主、基本消除疟疾、巩固并消除疟疾四个阶段,每个阶段均采取了相应的措施。结论达州市达到了国家消除疟疾标准;但输入性病例风险存在,应完善长效防控机制,加强宣传教育和流动人员的疟疾防治工作,加强消除疟疾后监测并及时处置输入性疫情,巩固消除疟疾成果。
Objective To understand the general situation of malaria and its prevention and cure in Dazhou and evaluate the elimination measures to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of malaria. Methods The malaria epidemic situation data and prevention and control materials in Dazhou were collected and analyzed. The epidemiology and prevention and cure history of malaria were retrospectively analyzed, and the prevention and cure process and evaluation and elimination measures were summarized. Results The incidence of malaria in Dazhou increased from 1981 to 2013 and then decreased. The incidence peaked in 1994 and then decreased gradually. After 2006, there was no local infection and the epidemic cycle no longer existed. The main vector was Anopheles sinensis, The prevention and treatment process is divided into four stages: controlling the epidemic of malaria, controlling the source of infection, basically eliminating malaria, consolidating and eliminating malaria, and taking corresponding measures in each stage. Conclusion Dazhou reached the national standard of eliminating malaria. However, there is a risk of imported cases. Long-term prevention and control mechanisms should be improved to enhance malaria prevention and control among propaganda and education workers and migrants, strengthen post-malaria monitoring and timely treatment of imported epidemic, and consolidate and eliminate Malaria achievement.