20世纪七、八十年代,社会主义的中国和苏联都处在不改革就不能继续前进的历史境地,中苏两党以邓小平和戈尔巴乔夫为代表都进行了改革。二者虽然在改革必要性和改革目的问题上存在着相似性,但由于对改革性质的不同认识和改革措施的不同选择,最终导致了大相径庭的改革结果。 In the 1970s and 1980s, both the socialist China and the Soviet Union were in a historic position that they could not move forward without reform. Both the Chinese and Soviet parties conducted reforms under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping and Gorbachev. Although there are similarities between the necessity of reform and the purpose of reform, the two differ in their understanding of the nature of the reform and the different options of the reform measures, which ultimately lead to very different reform results.