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生态文学批评是以生态哲学、生态伦理等理念指导文学研究的现代文学批评理论,是人类对环境污染、生态危机等人与自然关系问题的文学反思。生态文学批评旨在探讨文学、自然、文化之间的关系,建构一种生态诗学理论。美国首开生态文学批评之先河,在生态文学批评方面积累了丰富的经验与成果,美国生态文学批评经历了用文学再现天然自然、挖掘有生态倾向的文学作品、用文学语言重构人类世界三个发展阶段。
Ecological literary criticism is a modern literary criticism theory guided by the concepts of ecological philosophy and ecological ethic, and is a literary reflection of mankind on the relationship between man and nature such as environmental pollution and ecological crisis. Ecological literary criticism aims to explore the relationship between literature, nature and culture and to construct a theory of ecological poetics. The first ecologically literary criticism pioneered by the United States has accumulated rich experience and achievements in ecological literary criticism. American ecocritical literary criticism has gone through the process of using literature to recreate natural world, digging literary works with ecological orientation and reconstructing the human world in literary language development stage.