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目的探讨高原冲击伤的伤情特点。方法成年SD大鼠130只,雌雄各半,分别暴露于环境压力53.99、61.33、65.60、96.60kPa,然后用BST-1型生物激波管致伤,各组驱动段压力均为3.8MPa。观察现场至伤后6小时动物存活情况和大体形态学改变。结果随环境气压降低,冲击波引起的大鼠死亡率明显增加,肺损伤程度明显加重。伤后6小时,53.99、61.33、65.60、96.60kPa暴露组的死亡率分别为40%、16.67%、0、0。肺出血和肺水肿的程度随环境气压降低而明显加重,平均肺体指数分别为1.17%、1.08%、0.92%、0.71%。结论高原环境可降低动物对冲击波的耐受性,高原冲击伤的死亡率和肺损伤程度较低海拔地区更高。
Objective To investigate the injury characteristics of high altitude impact injury. Methods Thirty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to environmental pressure of 53.99, 61.33, 65.60 and 96.60 kPa respectively, and then were injured by BST-1 bio-shock tube. The pressure in each group was 3.8 MPa. The scene was observed to 6 hours after injury animal survival and gross morphological changes. Results With the decrease of ambient pressure, the mortality of rats induced by shock wave was significantly increased, and the degree of lung injury was significantly increased. At 6 hours after injury, the mortality rates of the exposed groups were 40%, 16.67% and 0,0% for the groups of 53.99, 61.33, 65.60 and 96.60 kPa, respectively. The degree of pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema significantly aggravated with the decrease of ambient air pressure. The average body mass index was 1.17%, 1.08%, 0.92% and 0.71% respectively. Conclusion The plateau environment can reduce the tolerance of animals to shock waves. The mortality rate of high altitude impact injury and the degree of lung injury are lower at higher altitudes.