司马迁出身兵家,广读兵书,深受战国士林价值观的影响,崇尚智慧和计谋,对那些能以智慧、计谋建功立业,影响历史进程的人物及他们的事迹倍加关注。楚汉战争中智谋对历史活动的深刻影响,更增强了司马迁“崇智尚计”的史学意识。他在《史记》中大量记载了各种奇智异谋,对智谋之士给予很高评价。此中种种刻画,不仅使《史记》中人物栩栩如生,读来流畅淋漓,更显露出太史公不同于后代史家的超凡的人物评价标准。 Sima Qian emerged as a soldier and read a wide range of military writings. He was greatly influenced by Shilin's values, advocated wisdom and tactics, and paid close attention to those who can make their own achievements by wisdom, strategy and achievements, and influence the historical process and their deeds. The profound influence of the resourcefulness in the war between Chu and Han on historical activities enhanced the historiographical consciousness of Sima Qian and Chong Zhi Shang Ji. In the “Historical Records” he recorded a large number of strange and fickle different conspirators, who give a high evaluation. All of these portraits not only bring the characters in Historical Records into life, but also become more fluid and vivid, revealing the extraordinary standards of evaluation of Taishishi Gong different from those of later generations.