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控制动词是一种特殊的实义动词,它与受控动词组成一个控制结构,表示主语事物在形成受控动词所述状态之前,还有一个在内部进行酝酿、准备之类活动的过程。控制动词是整个构式的核心,具有内在性的语义特征,受控动词则为补足语,具有未然性的语义特征。文章在前人研究的基础上,重新整理了控制动词的系统,根据所指动作与受控动词的实现之间即刻性程度的不同,把控制动词分为意愿、趋势、尝试、体貌等四种类型,它们构成了一个连续统。
The control verb is a special verb that forms a control structure with the controlled verb, indicating that the subject matter has a process of brewing and preparing activities internally before forming the state described by the controlled verb. The control verb is the core of the whole structure, which has the intrinsic semantic features. The controlled verb is the complement language, which has the unnatural semantic features. Based on the previous researches, the article rearranges the system of controlling verbs. According to the different degrees of immediateness between the proposed actions and the controlled verbs, the control verbs are divided into four kinds: intention, tendency, try, physical appearance Type, they constitute a continuum.