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人类是否能够以及怎样有意识地控制自己的行为?自由意志是否作为一种独立的力量存在?现代神经科学的实验结果引发了激烈的争议。兼容论、自由论与消除论从各自的立场出发,对自由意志问题的阐释与解答作出新的尝试。自由意志问题争论的核心是:相容性问题和意义问题;可理解性问题和存在问题。在确定性的世界里,也许的确不存在客观的选择自由,但是并不能排除自由的主观性。客观世界中的“随机”和主观世界中的“自由”是不同的概念。无论是否相信存在自由意志,我们都必须提出一个超越目前所拥有的概念框架以重新统合心灵与物理的因果法则。
Can human beings and how can they consciously control their behavior? Does free will exist as an independent force? The experimental results of modern neuroscience have caused heated controversy. From the standpoint of compatibility, the theories of compatibility, freedom and elimination put forward new attempts to explain and answer the question of free will. At the core of the controversy over free will is compatibility and meaning issues; understandability issues and problems. In the certainty of the world, there may indeed be no objective freedom of choice, but it does not exclude the subjectivity of freedom. The “randomness” in the objective world and the “freedom” in the subjective world are different concepts. Whether or not we believe in the free will, we must all come up with a causal law that goes beyond the conceptual framework we now have to reconcile the mind and the physical.