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目的了解中小学教职工慢性病患病情况,为实施相应的健康干预对策提供科学依据。方法对北京市西城区2002—2011年中小学教职工健康体检结果进行统计分析。结果高血压、脂肪肝、三酰甘油升高、总胆固醇升高、眼底动脉硬化、肥胖、高血糖等代谢方面异常的检出率较高,依次为32.28%,29.81%,28.26%,28.01%,21.37%,17.03%,12.44%,均随年龄增长而增高(χ2值分别为4 373.10,2 318.05,1 675.42,2 601.96,7 073.32,414.68,2 088.66,P值均<0.05)。肥胖、白内障、高血压、视网膜动脉硬化、阴道炎(女)高发于60~89岁老年人;总胆固醇升高和三酰甘油升高、脂肪肝、子宫肌瘤(女)高发于45~59岁中年人;慢性宫颈炎(女)、乳腺增生(女)、卵巢囊肿(女)、慢性咽炎高发于20~44岁青年人。中小学教职工脂肪肝、三酰甘油升高、慢性咽炎、高血糖、阴道炎(女)等疾病的检出率呈逐年上升趋势,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为799.44,194.69,90.52,306.58,509.95,P值均<0.01)。结论中小学教职工健康状况不容乐观,慢性病患病率较高。应采取多种干预措施,有效控制和降低慢性病的发生和发展。
Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic diseases in primary and secondary teaching staff and provide scientific evidence for the implementation of corresponding health intervention measures. Methods The results of health examination of primary and secondary school teachers in Xicheng District of Beijing from 2002 to 2011 were statistically analyzed. Results The detection rate of hypertension, fatty liver, elevated triglyceride, total cholesterol, retinal atherosclerosis, obesity, hyperglycemia and other metabolic abnormalities were higher, followed by 32.28%, 29.81%, 28.26%, 28.01% , 21.37%, 17.03% and 12.44%, all increased with age (χ2 values were 4 373.10, 2 318.05, 1 675.42, 2 601.96, 7 073.32, 414.68, 2 088.66, P all <0.05). Obesity, cataracts, hypertension, retinal arteriosclerosis, vaginitis (female) high incidence of 60 to 89-year-old elderly; total cholesterol and triglyceride increased fatty liver, uterine fibroids (women) Aged middle-aged; chronic cervicitis (female), breast hyperplasia (female), ovarian cysts (female), chronic pharyngitis in 20 to 44-year-old young people. The prevalence of fatty liver, triglyceride, chronic pharyngitis, hyperglycemia, vaginitis and other diseases in primary and secondary school teachers increased year by year with statistical significance (χ2 = 799.44, 194.69, 90.52,306.58,509.95, all P <0.01). Conclusion The health status of primary and secondary school teachers is not optimistic, and the prevalence of chronic diseases is high. A variety of interventions should be taken to effectively control and reduce the occurrence and development of chronic diseases.