2012年诺贝尔经济学奖的两位获奖者劳埃德·沙普利和埃尔文·罗斯从抽象的理论基础到实际的市场设计两个方面回答了一个重要的经济学问题:如何更好地找到匹配双方。比如,学生如何找到匹配的学校,病人如何找到合适的移植对象?这些匹配如何能有效?什么方法适用不同的市场?诺贝尔经济学奖奖励他们从20世纪60年代开始发展的抽象理论到80年代进行的实验工作,以及他们对于解决 The two winners of the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2012, Lloyd Shapley and Elvin Rose, answer an important economics question from the abstract theoretical basis to the actual market design: how to better Find matching sides. For example, how do students find matching schools and how patients find suitable transplant recipients? How can these matches be effective? What approaches apply to different markets? The Nobel Prize for Economics rewards their abstract theory that began in the 1960s to the 1980s The experimental work carried out, and their solution