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本文是根据短时间的木材弯曲蠕变实验对小兴安岭的几种主要树种木材的粘弹性模型元件数和元件常数进行了确定。用来描绘木材弯曲蠕变的粘弹性模型都是由一个马克思维尔体和两个开尔文体所组成的六元件模型。 研究结果得知J_0>J_1>J_2,且J_2:J_1与η_2:η_1前者比后者显著的低,而J_1:J_0与η_1:η_0之比后者显著的高。另外还得知树种不同,粘弹性常数具有很大差异,从而决定了各自抵抗蠕变的能力。 用此种实验方法来确定粘弹性模型的元件数和元件常数,其拟合度较高,是一种行之有效的方法。因此可认为在木材物性研究和在粘弹性状态的预测中,采用粘弹性模型元件常数,就将和力学性质中的常数一样表示蠕变度量。这对木材的物性研究和工程应用提供了可靠的参数。
In this paper, we determined the viscoelastic model components and component constants of several major tree species in Xiaoxing’anling based on the short-time bending test of wood. The viscoelastic model used to describe the bending creep of wood is a six-element model consisting of a Maxwellian body and two Kelvin scripts. The results showed that J_0> J_1> J_2, and J_2: J_1 and η_2: η_1 former were significantly lower than the latter, while J_1: J_0 and η_1: η_0 were significantly higher than the latter. Also learned that different tree species, viscoelastic constants have great differences, which determines their ability to resist creep. Using this experimental method to determine the number of components and component constants of the viscoelastic model, the higher fitting degree is an effective method. Therefore, it can be considered that in the study of wood properties and the prediction of viscoelastic states, the use of viscoelastic model element constants will represent the same creep measure as the constants in the mechanical properties. This provides a reliable parameter for the physical properties of wood and engineering applications.