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目的分析始兴县2011―2014年水痘流行特征,为今后开展水痘疫苗接种及控制疫情提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对始兴县2011―2014年的水痘疫情资料进行分析。结果 2011―2014年共报告水痘病例414例,年均发病率为42.30/10万。水痘发病呈现2个高峰,分别为5―6月、11月至次年1月,报告病例数分别占病例总数的32.37%(134例)和31.88%(132例)。病例主要集中在1~6岁儿童,共报告251例,占病例总数的60.63%;男性249例,女性165例,男女性别比为1.5∶1;病例职业以学生为主(占33.09%),其次为托幼儿童(占31.64%)和散居儿童(占28.26%)。结论始兴县水痘高发人群为7岁以下学龄前儿童,建议在自愿知情的情况下推广水痘疫苗接种工作,更好地控制水痘疫情。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of chicken pox from 2011 to 2014 in Shixing County and provide a scientific basis for the future vaccination and control of the chickenpox. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of chicken pox from 2011 to 2014 in Shixing County. Results A total of 414 chickenpox cases were reported from 2011 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 42.30 / 100,000. The incidence of chickenpox showed two peaks, ranging from May to June, from November to January. The reported cases accounted for 32.37% (134 cases) and 31.88% (132 cases) of the total cases, respectively. A total of 251 cases were reported, accounting for 60.63% of the total cases; 249 males and 165 females, with a sex ratio of 1.5: 1; mainly occupational cases (33.09%), Followed by kindergartens and nurses (31.64%) and scattered children (28.26%). Conclusion The high prevalence of chickenpox in Shixing County is for preschool children under 7 years old. It is suggested that vaccination of chickenpox should be promoted under voluntary informed circumstances to better control the epidemic of chicken pox.