在近岸海水中,由于陆地河流的输送、大气中尘埃的降落、风浪作用和生物的生命活动等原因而使水中的悬浮颗粒和气泡多于远海海水。当这些颗粒很小时,它们可以在水中长时间悬浮并随着海水一起运动,从而成为声波在水中传播时的良好散射体。清净海中,仍有微小气泡和密度运动速度等的不均匀,也会使声波散射。因而,应用声学多普勒原理的传感器可以直接测得散射体或海水的运动速度。传感器的外形不会影响原有流场特性。泥沙和生物在传 In coastal waters, suspended particles and bubbles are found in the water more than seawater due to the transport of land-based rivers, the fall of dust in the atmosphere, the effects of storm waves and living organisms. When these particles are small, they can float in water for long periods of time and move with seawater, making them good scatterers for sound waves traveling in water. Clear sea, there are still small bubbles and density, such as non-uniform velocity, will make the sound wave scattering. Therefore, the application of acoustic Doppler sensor can directly measure the scattering body or sea water velocity. The shape of the sensor does not affect the original flow field characteristics. Sediment and biological transmission