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目的探讨Cajal-Retzius(CR)细胞与海马锥体细胞顶树突发育以及海马片层化形成的关系。方法利用DiI示踪法标记槽通路和穿通通路,并采用微管蛋白(tubulin)、神经元核抗原(NeuN)和Reelin免疫荧光染色法,对120例小鼠苔藓纤维的发生、锥体细胞顶树突的生长以及海马分子层Reelin阳性的CR细胞分布进行观察。结果槽通路和穿通通路由内嗅皮质发出,分布于槽区和海马分子层,在槽区和海马本部分子层存在大量Reelin阳性细胞,提示Reelin阳性的神经细胞可能参与神经纤维的寻径。随着小鼠的发育,海马锥体细胞顶树突逐步生长,并向分子层伸入,构成海马内分子层;内分子层逐渐增宽,占据了光辉层和放射层。而外分子层(腔隙分子层)内含丰富的穿通纤维,其位置与Reelin阳性的CR细胞所在部位极为一致,提示两者有密切关系。结论 Reelin阳性的CR细胞对槽通路、穿通通路的神经纤维寻径起着指导作用。此外,CR细胞的分布和发育特点提示,CR细胞对锥体细胞顶树突发育、海马片层化和区域化的形成起重要作用。
Objective To investigate the relationship between Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells and apical dendrites and hippocampal lamellar formation in pyramidal cells of hippocampus. Methods Di-channel tracing method was used to mark the channel and the via pathways. Tubulin, NeuN and Reelin immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the occurrence of mossy fibers in 120 mice. Dendritic growth and the distribution of Reelin-positive CR cells in the hippocampal molecular layer were observed. Results Trench channels and punch-through channels originated from the entorhinal cortex and distributed in the groove and hippocampal layers. There were a large number of Reelin-positive cells in the trough and hippocampus, suggesting that Reelin-positive neurons may participate in the nerve fiber pathways. With the development of mice, the apical dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal cells gradually grow and extend into the molecular layer to form the molecular layer in the hippocampus. The inner molecular layer gradually broadens and occupies the brilliant layer and the radioactive layer. The outer molecular layer (lacunar molecular layer) is rich in fiber penetration, its location and Reelin-positive CR cell site is very consistent, suggesting that the two are closely related. Conclusion Reelin-positive CR cells play a guiding role in the pathways of the trough and the pathways of the nerve fibers in the through-path. In addition, the distribution and development of CR cells suggest that CR cells play an important role in the dendritic apical dendrites, hippocampal lamellation and regionalization.