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为解决传统刚性工位边界装配线在作业时间具有较大不确定性时出现大量未完成作业的问题,提出一种在工位之间引入重叠工作区域(即边界重叠区)、采用柔性工位边界替代传统刚性工位边界的一个柔性装配线系统的生产组织方式。建立了基于离散Markov过程的柔性装配线数学模型,提出了一种基于二分法的关于最小节拍时间的求解算法,从理论上证明了在特定未完成率下关于最小节拍时间的求解函数为单调递减函数,并给出了最小节拍时间的求解范围。一个简单的六工位装配线的算例计算结果表明:当边界重叠区长度占各工位长度16%和30%时,最小节拍时间与传统刚性工位边界装配线相比,降低至88.45%和83.45%,验证了柔性工位边界装配线能够有效地降低未完成作业的数量、提高装配工人平均利用率、提高装配效率。
In order to solve the problem that a large number of unfinished operations occur when there is a large uncertainty in the working time of the assembly line in the traditional rigid station, a method is proposed to introduce overlapping work areas (ie, boundary overlap areas) between work stations, Production organization of a flexible assembly line system that replaces the traditional rigid station boundaries. A mathematical model of flexible assembly line based on discrete Markov process is established and a bisection-based algorithm for solving minimum beat time is proposed. It is theoretically proved that the solving function for the minimum takt time at a specific unfinished rate is a monotonically decreasing function , And gives the minimum takt time solution range. The calculation example of a simple six-station assembly line shows that when the length of the boundary overlap area is 16% and 30% of the length of each station, the minimum takt time is reduced to 88.45% and 83.45 compared with the conventional rigid station boundary assembly line %, Verified that the flexible station boundary assembly line can effectively reduce the number of unfinished operations, improve the average utilization rate of assembly workers, and improve the assembly efficiency.