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新疆大部分地区是高山环绕的封闭内陆盆地,地下径流和盐分出路受阻,加之气候干旱、降水稀少以及受地形、地貌,水文地质条件和含盐母质等自然因素的影响,在盆地内部进行着强烈的积盐过程。新疆盐碱土分布面积大,约占自治区土地面积的20％,在30厘米土层内含盐量高达2％以上,且类型多,组成复杂。解放后,特别是无产阶级文化大革命以来,新疆各族劳动人民和广大军垦战士,自力更生,艰苦奋斗,与盐碱土作斗争,把过去不毛之地的盐碱滩,改造成为今日的米粮川,同时积累了一些治碱经验。
In most parts of Xinjiang, the enclosed inland basins surrounded by high mountains are hindered by the runoffs and salt outcrops. In addition, due to the arid climate, scarce precipitation and the natural factors such as topography, geomorphology, hydrogeological conditions and salty parent materials, Strong salt accumulation process. The saline-alkali soil in Xinjiang has a large distribution area, accounting for about 20% of the total land area in the autonomous region. The salt content in the 30cm soil layer is as high as 2% or more, and its types and composition are complex. After the liberation, especially since the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the working people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang and the vast majority of army-reclaimed warriors self-relied, worked hard and struggled with saline and alkali soil to transform the barren salt and alkali beaches in the past into the present-day Millet River. At the same time accumulated some alkali treatment experience.