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采用浇铝法制备铜铝复合铸锭,研究液体铝与固体铜复合过程中过渡层的凝固过程与组织变化规律,结果表明,铜铝复合铸锭中过渡层由α(Al)+α(Al)-CuAl_2共晶、α(Al)-CuAl_2共晶、CuAl_2+α(Al)-CuAl_2共晶和Cu_9Al_4四种组织组成,浇注温度、铜板外表面强制冷却方式以及浇注后到开始强制冷却时间不影响过渡层内组织种类,但过渡层内各种组织占过渡层厚度的比例随工艺参数而变化。过渡层顶部的纯铝最先开始凝固,而后α相以枝晶的方式、CuAl_2相以平面晶或胞晶方式分别从过渡层的两侧向过渡层内生长。铜板外表面冷却强度越强,α枝晶越发达,CuAl_2相越容易长成平面晶。
The Cu-Al composite ingot prepared by aluminum casting method was used to study the solidification process and microstructure change of the transition layer in the liquid aluminum and solid copper composite. The results show that the transition layer in the Cu-Al composite ingot is composed of α (Al) + α (Al ) - CuAl_2 eutectic, α (Al) -CuAl_2 eutectic, CuAl_2 + α (Al) -CuAl_2 eutectic and Cu_9Al_4. The pouring temperature, the forced cooling mode of the outer surface of copper plate and the forced cooling time Affect the type of tissue within the transitional layer, but the ratio of the transitional layer thickness of various tissues in the transitional layer varies with the process parameters. The pure aluminum at the top of the transitional layer begins to solidify first, and then the α phase is dendritic, and the CuAl_2 phase grows from the two sides of the transitional layer into the transitional layer by plane-crystal or cell-crystal respectively. The stronger the cooling strength of the outer surface of the copper plate, the more developed the α dendrites and the easier the CuAl_2 phase grows into a plane crystal.