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Objective:To evaluate lhe clinical effect of gemcitabine and concurrent three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy(3D-CRT)for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:From April 2002 to June 2005,38 patients with inoperable stage Ⅲ NSCLC were treated with gemcitabine and 3D-CRT simultaneously.Chemotherapy consisted of intravenously gemcitabine 350 mg/m2 on days 1,8,15,22,29,36.3D-CRT was delivered up to a total dose of 60-64 Gy with a 2.0 Gy dose fraction per day,5 days per week.Results:The overall response rates of primary tumor and mediastinum metastatic node were 86.8%(33/38)and 90.6%(29/32)respectively,and 91.7%(22/24)and 78.6%(11/14)for squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma respectively.The acute side effects of patients were mostly myelosuppression,nausea,vomiting,radiation-induced esophagitis and pneumonitis(RTOG Ⅰ/Ⅱ),however,all of them were cured.Conclusion:Concurrent application of gemcitabine and 3D-CRT can improve the overall response rate for locally advanced NSCLC without aggravating the side effects.