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视神经的色素性肿瘤自1851年眼底镜问世后不久即已认识到。Schwalbe等一些早期的研究者已观察到不同种类的哺乳动物、低级脊椎动物及两栖类动物视乳头的色素,命名为黑乳头(black papilla)。正确判断了动物及两栖类动物视盘上生理性色素与人类许多病例考虑为病理性色素沉着的区别。Berger认为筛板包括二部分,即巩膜筛板(外筛板)及脉络膜筛板(内筛板),后者是周围含有葡萄膜黑色素细胞的脉络膜的延续。色素多或先天性眼黑变病者之筛板内发现葡萄膜黑色素细胞。认为视神经的色素性病变是脉络膜筛板内葡萄膜黑色素细胞的增生,许多学者认为这种增生是原始细胞的一种错构瘤样生长,代表一种返祖现象或者是种系发生的重演。Zimmerman主张用黑变病突变瘤(melanotic progonoma)
Optic nerve pigmented tumors have been recognized shortly after the ophthalmoscope was first introduced in 1851. Some early researchers, such as Schwalbe, have observed the pigment of the optic papilla of various mammalian, lower vertebrate and amphibian species, named black papilla. Correctly determine the animals and amphibians on the optic disc physiological pigment and human many cases considered as pathological pigmentation difference. Berger considers the sieve plate to consist of two parts, the scleral sieve plate (outer sieve plate) and the choroidal sieve plate (inner sieve plate), which is a continuation of the choroid surrounding the uveal melanocytes. Uve pigment or congenital ocular degeneration found in the sieve of uveal melanocytes. Believes that the optic nerve of the pigmented lesions in the chorioretinal uveal melanocytes hyperplasia, many scholars believe that this proliferation of primitive cells is a hamartoma-like growth, representing a return to the phenomenon or phylogeny of repeat. Zimmerman advocated using melanotic progonoma