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众所周知,马长寿先生对于北魏及相关的拓跋鲜卑部历史的研究有筚路蓝缕之功。然而,仍需对其贡献从研究方法和思路上重新审视。我们认为,民国时期的民族学(人类学)研究经历对他后来的历史研究具有重大的影响。他能够首次对拓跋鲜卑部历史进行全面而细致的论述并对北魏王朝历史诸多重要内容进行极具个性的阐释,是因为他在研究方法和思路上深受民族学(人类学)的影响。因此,在某种意义上,他的北魏史研究开创了一种新的研究范式。
It is well-known that Mr. Ma Changshou has a great success in the study of Northern Wei Dynasty and the related history of Tuoba Xianbei Department. However, its contribution still needs to be revisited from the research methods and ideas. In our opinion, the ethnographic (anthropological) research experience during the Republican Period had a significant impact on his later historical studies. For the first time, he can make a comprehensive and meticulous exposition of the history of the Tuoba Xianbei department and interpret many important contents in the history of the Northern Wei Dynasty because he is deeply influenced by ethnology (anthropology) in the research methods and ideas. Therefore, in a sense, his study of the history of the Northern Wei Dynasty created a new research paradigm.