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目的了解南宁市职业卫生现状,探讨存在的问题并提出相应的对策。方法对近3年南宁市(含6县6区)的职业卫生技术工作及职业卫生监督工作总结资料进行综合分析。结果在存在职业病危害因素的456家企业中,能按《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》要求,设立职业病管理机构企业、落实法人责任制企业267家;制定职业病防治计划或方案企业244家,有专(兼)职职业卫生管理人员306人;共有从业人员总数67 619人,其中接触职业病危害因素作业人员31 130人,占职工总数的46.04%。近3年开展职业健康检查20 297人,体检率65.2%;检出尘肺病113人,职业禁忌证223人,职业禁忌人员的调离达到了100%。按要求建立职业健康监护档案17 977份,建档率57.75%,并对35家违法单位进行了行政处罚。南宁市取得职业卫生技术服务机构资质的有3家单位(南宁市市区的仅1家)。结论南宁市职业病危害状况较严重,用人单位特别是中小企业缺乏有效的管理制度,职业卫生技术服务机构严重不足,职业卫生专业技术人员水平有待提高。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational health in Nanning, explore existing problems and propose corresponding countermeasures. Methods The data of occupational health and technical supervision and occupational health supervision in Nanning city (including 6 districts and 6 districts) in recent 3 years were comprehensively analyzed. Results Among the 456 enterprises with occupational hazards, according to the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases”, 267 enterprises of occupational disease management institutions and enterprises with legal person responsibility were established; 244 enterprises of occupational disease prevention and control plan or program were established; (Concurrent) occupational health and management personnel 306 people; a total of 67,619 employees, including 31 130 workers exposed occupational hazards, accounting for 46.04% of the total number of employees. In the past three years, there were 20,297 occupational health examinations and the rate of physical examination was 65.2%. 113 people were found to have pneumoconiosis and 223 were contraindications to occupational diseases. The transfer of occupational taboo staff members reached 100%. According to the requirements, 17,977 copies of occupational health monitoring files were set up with a rate of 57.75% and 35 administrative units were penalized. Nanning city to obtain occupational health technical service agencies have three units (Nanning City only one). Conclusion The situation of occupational diseases in Nanning City is more serious. The employer, especially SMEs, lacks an effective management system. There is a serious shortage of technical service providers for occupational health and the level of occupational health professionals needs to be improved.