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目的:探讨输尿管支架管在防治上尿路狭窄的临床疗效及并发症。方法:对165例肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄、肾盂结石、输尿管结石、输尿管口囊肿、输尿管肿瘤、膀胱肿瘤及医源性输尿管损伤患者在术中、术后应用输尿管支架管作为内引流,留置时间2周~13个月。结果:所有患者置管均一次成功,引流和内支架效果良好,肾盂输尿管部狭窄解除,肾积水明显改善或消失;输尿管切口无狭窄;盆腔晚期肿瘤患者延长了生命;医源性输尿管损伤愈合良好。其中58例(35%)患者表现不同程度的腰痛、尿频、尿急、尿痛、肉眼血尿和发热为常见并发症。结论:输尿管支架管是防治上尿路狭窄的最佳方法,其操作简单,创伤小,并发症少,疗效明显,值得临床进一步推广应用。
Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and complications of ureteral stent in the prevention and treatment of upper urinary tract stenosis. Methods: 165 cases of ureteropelvic junction stenosis, renal pelvis, ureteral calculi, ureteral orifice cyst, ureteral tumor, bladder tumor and iatrogenic ureteral injury were treated intraoperatively and postoperatively with ureteral stent as internal drainage, Week ~ 13 months. Results: The catheterization was successful in all patients. The results of drainage and internal stent were good. The ureteropelvic stenosis was relieved and the hydronephrosis was improved or disappeared. The ureter incision was not stenosed. The patients with advanced pelvic cancer had prolonged life. The iatrogenic ureteral injury healed good. Among them, 58 cases (35%) showed different degrees of low back pain, frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, gross hematuria and fever as common complications. Conclusion: Ureteral stent is the best method to prevent and treat the upper urinary tract stenosis. It has the advantages of simple operation, less trauma, less complications and obvious curative effect. It is worth further promotion and application in clinic.