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目的对武汉市饮用水全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)含量进行调查和风险评估。方法武汉市9个市政水厂,每个水厂采集水源水、出厂水、末梢水各一份,采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法,测定水样中的PFOS和PFOA含量,实验数据采用SPSS 11.0统计软件进行分析,运用化学污染物风险评价模型进行风险概率评价。结果所有水样均未检出PFOS。饮用水中PFOA含量水源水为18.12~119.31 ng/L,出厂水为17.25~108.98 ng/L,末梢水17.01~112.91 ng/L。PFOA含量水源水与出厂水、末梢水,出厂水与末梢水之间均存在正相关关系(P≤0.01),但水源水、出厂水、末梢水中PFOA浓度分布差异无统计学意义。以汉江和长江为水源地的饮用水中PFOA通过饮水途径对饮用者所致健康危害的个人年风险分别为3.0×10-11和1.2×10-10。结论武汉市饮用水中存在PFOA污染,PFOA通过饮水途径对饮用者所致健康危害的个人年风险低于国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受水平。
Objective To investigate and assess the content of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in drinking water in Wuhan. Methods Nine municipal waterworks in Wuhan were collected from each municipal waterworks. Each waterworks collected one water source water, one water factory water and one peripheral water. The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in water samples were determined by solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 statistical software, and the risk assessment of chemical pollutants was carried out by using the risk assessment model. Results No PFOS was detected in all water samples. The water content of PFOA in drinking water ranged from 18.12 to 119.31 ng / L, the ex-factory water ranged from 17.25 to 108.98 ng / L, and the peripheral water ranged from 17.01 to 112.91 ng / L. There was a positive correlation between PFOA content in tap water, tap water, tap water and tap water (P≤0.01), but no significant difference was found in tap water, tap water and tap water. The individual annual risks of drinking water from the Hanjiang River and the Yangtze River drinking water to drinking water caused by PFOA were 3.0 × 10-11 and 1.2 × 10-10, respectively. Conclusions There is PFOA pollution in drinking water in Wuhan. The personal annual risk of PFOA drinking hazard to the drinker through drinking water is lower than the maximum acceptable level recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP).