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目前国际公约和世界各国的立法中对于环境侵权责任都适用无过错责任原则,该归责原则以特殊的社会经济为背景而诞生,并有其相依赖的理论基础,在立法中主要表现为制定特别法和扩大或者修改民法中的相关规定两种形式。由于法律对于公平合理理念的追求和环境侵权自身的特点,环境诉讼中采用无过错归责原则,通过这一原则,体现了维护公平正义、保护弱势群体的目的。本文将结合理论与社会背景等因素,对环境侵权中无过错归责原则的合理性与必要性进行分析,进一步探讨司法实践中这一原则的相关完善建议与深度思考。
At present, the international conventions and the legislation of all countries in the world apply the principle of no-fault liability to the responsibility of environmental tort. The principle of liability is born under the background of special social economy and has its dependent theoretical basis. Special law and to expand or amend the relevant provisions of civil law in two forms. Due to the legal pursuit of fair and reasonable ideas and the characteristics of environmental infringement, the principle of no-fault liability in environmental litigation is adopted. Through this principle, the principle of safeguarding fairness and justice and protecting the disadvantaged groups is embodied. Based on such factors as theory and social background, this article analyzes the rationality and necessity of the principle of no-fault liability in environmental infringement and further discusses the related suggestions and deep thinking of this principle in judicial practice.