阵发性(冷性)血红蛋白尿,是一种因全身或局部受冷后突然发生急性溶血和血红蛋白尿为特征的少见的疾病。寒颤、发热、腰腹痠痛、衰竭和血红蛋白尿等急性溶血症状,常在受冷后几分钟至几小时突然发生,经几小时后又突然消失。黄疸一般不显著,发作频繁者可致贫血。大部分病例与先天或后天晚期梅毒有关,这些病例除阳性的梅毒血清反应外,尚能在血清中发现一种冷-热型溶血素。彻底的抗梅毒治疗常能使同梅毒有关的病例终止发作。1961年冬,我们发现一例先天梅毒伴阵发性(冷性)血红蛋白尿。经抗梅毒治疗后,发作终止。经两年六个月的随防,不曾复发。现特报告于后。患者男性,13岁,住院号29562。因受冷后排出深红色尿四年,于1961年12月31日入院。1958年冬,患儿在雪地里活动半小时后,突然全身不适、寒颤、头 Paroxysmal (cold) hemoglobinuria is a rare condition characterized by the sudden onset of acute hemolysis and hemoglobinuria after systemic or local cooling. Shivering, fever, abdominal pain, failure and hemolytic anemia and other acute hemolytic symptoms, often after a few minutes to a few hours suddenly occurred after a few hours and then suddenly disappear. Jaundice generally not significant, frequent episodes can cause anemia. Most cases are associated with congenital or acquired advanced syphilis. In these cases, in addition to a positive syphilis serum response, a cold-hot hemolysin is still found in the serum. Thorough anti-syphilis treatment can often end syphilis-related episodes. In the winter of 1961, we found a case of congenital syphilis with paroxysmal (cold) hemoglobinuria. After anti-syphilis treatment, the attack was terminated. After two years and six months of follow-up, never recurrence. Now special report later. Patient male, 13 years old, hospital number 29562. Due to cold discharge of dark red urine for four years, in December 31, 1961 admission. The winter of 1958, children in the snow activities for half an hour after a sudden general malaise, chills, head