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柿杂种败育现象严重阻碍了甜柿杂交育种进展,幼胚抢救技术可有效地克服这个障碍。以甜柿富有、晚御所、太秋的幼胚为材料,开展培养基、柿品种、取胚时间4因素3水平正交试验。并在此基础上,以太秋幼胚为材料,开展了取胚时间、培养基成分的单因素试验。结果表明:1)影响柿幼胚抢救的因素影响依次为培养基、取胚时间、柿品种、培养条件;2)花后45~55 d取胚抢救,胚苗成苗率极低,此后,随着胚龄增大,胚培苗成活率逐渐提高,但花后77 d取胚时,胚苗成苗率略有回落,因此长三角地区柿幼胚抢救的最适取胚时间为:花后62~69 d;3)胚苗在不同培养基中的发育状态、成苗率、苗高、生根数上均出现差异,1/2MS+ZT(0.4 mg/L)+IBA(0.2 mg/L)+活性炭(3 g/L)+蔗糖(70 g/L)培养基中培苗发育良好,培养45 d后,成苗率为0.88,平均苗高为3.52 cm,平均生根数为2.52。
The phenomenon of abortion of persimmon hybrids seriously hindered the progress of hybrid breeding of sweet persimmon, and the embryo rescue technique can effectively overcome this obstacle. With persimmon rich, late Imperial College, Tai autumn immature embryos as the material, to carry out the medium, persimmon varieties, take the embryo time 4 factor 3 level orthogonal test. On the basis of this, a single factor experiment was conducted using the early autumn embryo as the material, taking embryo time and medium composition. The results showed as follows: 1) The factors that affected the survival of persimmon embryos were medium, embryo time, persimmon varieties and culture conditions; 2) embryos were embryo rescue 45-55 days after embryo, With the increase of embryo age, the survival rate of embryo culture increased gradually, but when the embryo was taken at 77 days after anthesis, the seedling rate of embryo seedlings decreased slightly. Therefore, the optimal embryo time for the rescue of persimmon embryo in the Yangtze River Delta was: (62-69 d); 3) The developmental state, seedling emergence rate, seedling height and root number of embryo seedlings in different culture medium were different. 1/2 MS + ZT 0.4 mg / L + IBA 0.2 mg / L and activated carbon (3 g / L) + sucrose (70 g / L) medium. After 45 days of culture, the seedling rate was 0.88, the average seedling height was 3.52 cm and the average number of rooting was 2.52.