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过敏性鼻炎系特异性变态反应性疾病,表现为反复发作性喷嚏、水样鼻涕、鼻塞等三联征。近年来由于衣、食、住等生活方式的改变,大气污染、噪音、紧张因素等环境的恶化,致使该病有逐渐增多的倾向。1966年石坂等发现特异性变态反应的抗体为IgE以来,该病的发病机制迅速得到阐明,发表了许多基础的及临床的研究文章,从而在临床上对该病的治疗有了大致的规范和普遍应用的方法。目前对过敏性鼻炎开始采用特异性脱敏作为根治疗法,一般地根据发病各阶段,分别用非特异性脱敏,抗过敏药,类固醇、色甘酸二钠(DSCG)等药物保守疗法,以及下鼻甲粘膜切除、维杜斯氏神经节切除术(Vidian neurectomy)等手术疗法,可采用单一治疗或几种方法综合治疗,但对顽固病例的疗效仍不够满意。
Allergic rhinitis Department of specific allergic diseases, manifested as recurrent sneezing, watery nose, nasal congestion and other triple sign. In recent years, due to changes in lifestyle, such as clothing, food and shelter, the deterioration of the environment such as air pollution, noise and stressors, the disease tends to gradually increase. Since the discovery of a specific allergic reaction by Ishihara et al in 1966, IgE, the pathogenesis of the disease has been rapidly elucidated and many basic and clinical research articles published so as to provide a general guideline for the clinical treatment of the disease The commonly used method. Currently allergic rhinitis began to use specific desensitization as a radical therapy, generally according to the stages of disease, respectively, with non-specific desensitization, anti-allergy drugs, steroids, cromolyn disulfide (DSCG) and other drug conservative therapy, and the inferior turbinate Mucosal resection, Vidian’s surgery (Vidian neurectomy) and other surgical treatment, can be a single treatment or several methods of comprehensive treatment, but the effect of refractory cases are still not satisfied.