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本文首先对土壤退化的涵义作了概要介绍，并根据土壤退化不同成因，将之区分为受自然因素影响的和受人为因素与自然因素双重影响的两种土壤退化类型；文中就土体构型变化、养分循环失衡、理化性质劣化和逆向发育等方面，重点阐述了侵蚀土壤退化的过程及机理。
This paper first introduces the concept of soil degradation and divides it into two types of soil degradation that are influenced by natural factors and influenced by human factors and natural factors according to different causes of soil degradation. Changes, imbalance of nutrient cycling, deterioration of physical and chemical properties, and reverse development, the process and mechanism of erosion of soil are emphasized.