通过对苹果不同品种花培植株的试管苗及其高接树的染色体数目观察,看到大部分为单倍体,还有其他倍性的植株.幼龄期元帅花培植株的植物学性状与原品种元帅之间有显著差异,表现分枝多、有针刺、叶片小而薄、茸毛少、有缺刻等野生性状.在花培植株之间,也表现有明显的差别.田间高接后,花培植株随树龄增长逐渐向栽培性状转化,元帅花培植株元80—3已开始结果,表现出明显的短枝型特征. By observing the chromosome number of test-tube plantlets and their high-yielding trees in different cultivars of apple, we can see that most of them are haploid and there are other ploidy plants.The botanical characters There was significant difference between the original varieties of Marshal, manifested in more branches, acupuncture, leaves small and thin, less hair, nicks and other wild traits .In the flower cultivars, there are also significant differences. , The flower culture plants gradually transformed into the cultivated characters with the increase of the tree age. The mandarin fruit cultivar Yuan 80-3 started the result and showed the obvious spur type features.