党的十八届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》明确提出,改革的总目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。对于现代国家来说,公民的公共精神无疑是国家治理能力中最为能动的要素,需要得到依法培育、保护和发挥。所谓公共精神,是指个体以作为社会成员的公民立场来参与国家治理的决策、实施和监督的过程,释放自身应有的正能 The “Decision of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Important Issues concerning the Overall Deepening of the Reform” passed by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly points out that the overall goal of the reform is to perfect and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and to promote the modernization of the state governing system and governance capacity. For the modern country, the public spirit of citizens is undoubtedly the most dynamic factor in the government’s ability to govern and needs to be nurtured, protected and developed according to law. The so-called public spirit, refers to the individual as a member of the public’s social position to participate in national governance decision-making, implementation and supervision of the process, the release of their due can