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改革开放以后,中国道路货运行业市场结构发生了根本变化——从完全垄断变为完全竞争,实证分析表明该市场存在静态性和动态性无效率。本文在阐述道路货运技术经济特性、对比分析放松管制后中国和美国道路货运市场结构性质和演变特点基础上,分析管制对我国道路货运市场效率和市场结构变迁的影响,结果表明管制中存在导致信息不完全、进入门槛偏高、市场分割以及外部性等因素;最后针对我国道路货运行业管制对象和背景的特殊性,提出管制政策改革建议。
After the reform and opening up, the market structure of China’s road freight industry has undergone fundamental changes - from complete monopoly to complete competition. Empirical analysis shows that the market has static and dynamic inefficiencies. Based on the technical and economic characteristics of road freight transport and the comparative analysis of the structural features and evolvement characteristics of road freight transport market in China and the United States after deregulation, this paper analyzes the impact of regulation on the market freight rate and market structure in China. The results show that Incompleteness, high barriers to entry, market segmentation and externalities. Finally, according to the particularity of the target and background of the road freight transportation industry in China, we put forward some suggestions on the reform of the control policy.