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目的 调查嗜人按蚊传疟作用 ,为嗜人按蚊分布区媒介监测及制定合理的防治措施提供依据。 方法 在随州市曾都区严家畈村选择 9个自然村应用寄生虫学和昆虫学方法进行调查。估算嗜人按蚊的媒介能量和临界叮人率。 结果 2 0 0 1年 7～ 8月居民带虫发病率 0 .6 5 %。小学生带虫率 0 .5 1% ,荧光抗体阳性率 5 .0 5 %。在观察区搜捕到嗜人、中华、微小 3种按蚊。嗜人按蚊密度及组成在人房内占优势 ,平均叮人率 0 .9892 /人·夜 ,吸人血指数为 0 .5 0 ,媒介能量为0 .94 4 8,是中华按蚊的 6 .5 2倍 ,嗜人按蚊临界叮人率为 0 .2 82 3,而实际叮人率是它的 3.5倍。 结论 嗜人按蚊是当地传播疟疾的主要媒介 ,提示临界叮人率在媒介监测中具有重要的指导意义。
Objective To investigate the role of Anopheles anthropophagus in transmitting malaria and to provide a basis for the media monitoring of Anopheles anthropophagus and to formulate reasonable prevention and cure measures. Methods Nine natural villages were selected in Yanjiatang Village, Zengdu District, Suizhou City for investigation by using the methods of parasitology and entomology. Estimate the vector energy and critical bite rate of Anopheles anthropophagus. Results From July to August 2001, the incidence of resident insects was 0.65%. Primary school students with worm rate of 0.51%, fluorescent antibody positive rate of 5.05%. Found in the observation area to the man-made, China, tiny Anopheles. Anopheles anthropophagus density and composition in the human dominance, the average bite rate of 0.9892 / person night, smoking human blood index was 0.55, the medium energy is 0.9448, is the Anopheles sinensis 6. 5 2 times, the critical mass of Anopheles mosquito was 0.222 3 3, while the actual bite rate was 3.5 times of it. Conclusion Anopheles anthropophagus is the main medium for malaria transmission in the local area, suggesting that critical bite rate plays an important guiding role in media monitoring.