论文部分内容阅读
目的了解兰州市城区室内蜚蠊的生态学状况,为制定相应的防制措施提供依据。方法采用粘捕法。结果兰州市城区室内蜚蠊以德国小蠊为优势种。蜚蠊密度消长与同期的平均气温之间存在着高度正相关性。平均侵害率为22.87%。受侵害最严重的是宾馆行业,侵害率达48.93%。2007年与2005年相比,在不同生境中,医院和居民住宅的蜚蠊密度和侵害率变化较大,其中医院蜚蠊密度和侵害率分别上升了100倍和12.76倍;居民住宅密度和侵害率分别上升了1.48倍和0.82倍;新城区蜚蠊密度及侵害率分别上升了2.60倍和0.72倍。2007年新城区蜚蠊密度及侵害率分别是老城区的1.90倍和1.57倍。结论兰州市应根据蜚蠊密度季节消长特点采取综合防制措施,以环境治理为主,同时使用物理、化学、生物的方法控制蜚蠊密度。防制的重点应是宾馆行业、居民住宅和餐饮行业等。各种生境中,蜚蠊防制的主要对象应以德国小蠊为主,同时兼顾美洲大蠊和日本大蠊。城市化建设和发展过程中应将蜚蠊等病媒生物的防制纳入其中。积极开展健康教育活动,提高民众卫生防病意识。加强蜚蠊密度、种群动态和抗药性监测,根据监测资料,适时制定或调整防制技术和策略。
Objective To understand the ecological status of indoor cockroaches in Lanzhou City and provide the basis for formulating corresponding control measures. Method using sticky catch method. Results The indoor cockroach in Lanzhou City took German cockroach as dominant species. There is a highly positive correlation between cockroach density loss and mean temperature over the same period. The average rate of infringement was 22.87%. The most infested hotel industry, the infringement rate of 48.93%. In 2007 and 2005, the density and rate of cockroach in hospitals and residential houses varied greatly in different habitats, and the density and the rate of cockroach in hospitals increased by 100 times and 12.76 times respectively. The residential density and infringement The rates increased by 1.48 times and 0.82 times respectively; the cockroach density and invasion rate in the new city increased by 2.60 times and 0.72 times respectively. In 2007, the density and rate of cockroach in New Town were 1.90 times and 1.57 times that of the old city respectively. Conclusion Lanzhou should take comprehensive control measures according to the seasonality of cockroach density and seasonal growth, and take environmental management as the main method. At the same time, the density of cockroaches should be controlled by physical, chemical and biological methods. Prevention should focus on the hotel industry, residential and catering industries. In various habitats, the main target of cockroach control should be dominated by German cockroaches, taking into account both American cockroaches and Japanese cockroaches. Prevention and control of vector and other cockroaches should be included in the process of urbanization and development. Actively carry out health education activities to raise public awareness of health and disease prevention. Strengthen the cockroach density, population dynamics and drug resistance monitoring, based on monitoring data, timely development or adjustment of control techniques and strategies.