论文部分内容阅读
作为一种解决“法律与需要”之间的紧张关系的理论框架,紧急权力的自由模式有着悠久的历史。自由模式通过区分时间结构、空间结构和行为性质,假设紧急状态能够从正常状态中分离出来。该模式包括自由裁量性,不受法律约束性,事后公开说理性以及立法机关的审查和批准等要素。在危机的全球化、法律现实主义运动的盛行和紧急权力法制化的兴起等因素的影响下,自由模式在20世纪初期开始衰微。然而, 法律主义的悲惨前景,行政机关紧急权力不断扩张和公民权利连续减损等事实,促使人们反思自由模式的价值,并提出超越自由模式。超越自由模式与法律主义相补充,可以作为我国应对极端危机的一种方式,也可以有效提升我国公民的社会公德,克服政府官员和公民的冷漠、怠责与怯懦。
As a theoretical framework to solve the tension between law and need, the free mode of emergency power has a long history. Free mode By distinguishing the temporal structure, the spatial structure and the nature of the behavior, it is assumed that the emergency can be separated from its normal state. The model includes discretionary, legally binding, post-factoral justification and review and approval by the legislature. Influenced by such factors as the crisis globalization, the prevalence of legal realism and the legalization of emergency power, the liberty pattern began to decline in the early 20th century. However, the tragic prospect of legalism, the continuous expansion of emergency powers of the executive authorities, and the continuous impairment of civil rights have prompted people to reflect on the value of the freedom model and to propose the model of freedom beyond freedom. Beyond freedom and legalism complement each other, as a way for our country to deal with extreme crisis, but also can effectively enhance the social ethics of our citizens and overcome the indifference, laziness and cowardice of government officials and citizens.