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研究运用混合多体动力学方法建立风力机柔性叶片的动力学模型。应用超级单元(superelement)的建模方法,将柔性叶片离散为由带有力元弹簧和阻尼器的万向节连接的有限个刚体;基于多刚体动力学中的R-W(Roberson-Wittenburg)方法,通过约旦变分原理,导出了叶片多体系统的动力学代数-微分方程;运用MSC.ADAMS的求解器求解微分方程。计算了一个1.5MW风力机叶片的动力特性,研究了超级单元的数量对计算结果的影响,将算例结果与有限元分析结果进行了比较。算例分析表明,混合多体动力学建模方法能较好地分析和描述柔性叶片弹性变形对其运动特性的影响,为风力机气动弹性稳定性分析和控制系统设计提供了实用的分析方法。
The dynamic model of a flexible blade of a wind turbine is established by using hybrid multi-body dynamics method. The modeling method of superelement is used to discretize the flexible blade as a finite number of rigid bodies connected by universal joints with force element springs and dampers. Based on the RW (Roberson-Wittenburg) method in multi-body dynamics, Jordan variational principle, the kinematic algebraic-differential equation of the blade multi-body system is derived. The differential equation is solved by the solver of MSC.ADAMS. The dynamic characteristics of a 1.5MW wind turbine blade are calculated. The influence of the number of supercells on the calculation results is studied. The results of the example are compared with those of the finite element analysis. The case study shows that the hybrid multi-body dynamics modeling method can well analyze and describe the influence of flexible blade’s elastic deformation on its motion characteristics, and provide a practical analysis method for the aerodynamic stability analysis and control system design of the wind turbine.