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股权优先购买权是有限责任公司股东的一项重要权利,目的在于维护有限责任公司的人合性和封闭性。然而对其法律性质和效力公司法却没有明确的规定,这导致实践中对于侵犯股东优先购买权的案件如何处理没有统一的判案标准。对于股权优先购买权的性质问题,本文不作探讨,因为权利性质属于纯法理上的问题,而效力问题才是关涉权利行使的法律后果和当事人切身利益的重大问题。本文主要通过分析股权优先购买权对股权转让合同效力的影响,认为现行法下,无论是合同法、公司法抑或是其他法律法规都没有给股权优先购买权对股权转让合同效力的影响给出合理解释,因此有必要重构股权优先购买权的效力,为法律的补充或修改提供借鉴。
The equity preemption right is an important right of the shareholders of a limited liability company with the purpose of safeguarding the human nature and the closeness of the limited liability company. However, there is no clear stipulation on the legal nature and effectiveness of the company law, which leads to the fact that there is no uniform standard on how to deal with the case of infringing on the shareholder’s preemption right. This article does not discuss the nature of the right to buy the stock right, because the nature of the right belongs to purely legal issues, and the question of validity is the major issue concerning the legal consequences of the exercise of rights and the immediate interests of the parties concerned. This paper mainly analyzes the influence of the right of first refusal on the validity of the equity transfer contract, and thinks that under the current law, neither the contract law, the company law nor any other laws and regulations give a reasonable explanation for the impact of the right of first refusal on the validity of the equity transfer contract Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct the validity of the preemptive right of stock right and provide reference for the supplement or modification of the law.