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利用3个推广品种(莱州953、山农辐63、陕7859)分别与原产地不同的抗白粉病的6份粗山羊草[Aegilops tauschii(Coss.)Schmal.]杂交,得到63个无胚乳的种子,将56枚幼胚接种到N6+0.5mg/L IBA+0.2 mg/L NAA的培养基上进行褓姆培养,得到37个植株。其中莱州953与粗山羊草的杂交结实率和成苗率较高,分别平均为8.58%和4.82%。粗山羊草对白粉病的抗性基因在不同的杂交组合中受到不同程度的改变或抑制。以莱州953为父本,分别与不同组合的杂种F_1回交,大多数组合均得到回交种子,回交结实率平均为1.70%;以莱州953作母本,与莱州953/Y225 F _1回交得到2粒种子,说明普通小麦与粗山羊草的杂种F_1也能产生少量有授精能力的花粉。以山农辐63为父本与山农辐63/Y219 F_1回交亦得到回交种子。通过对普通小麦与粗山羊草6个杂交组合的杂种F_1PMCMI染色体构型的分析,一般多出现14个左右单价体和一定频率的多价体,并观察到可能为A、B组染色体形成的异形二价体;粗山羊草的D组染色体和普通小麦的D组染色体联会正常,可发生自由重组,从而为将粗山羊草的有益基因导入普通小麦提供了细胞学依据。
Six hybrids of Aegilops tauschii (Coss.) Schmal. Which were resistant to powdery mildew and different origins were obtained from three popularized varieties (Laizhou 953, Shannon-yong 63, Shaanxi 7859) Fifty-six immature embryos were inoculated on N6 + 0.5 mg / L IBA + 0.2 mg / L NAA medium, and 37 plants were obtained. Among them, the seed setting rate and seedling rate of hybrid between Laizhou 953 and Aegilops sinensis were higher, averaging 8.58% and 4.82% respectively. The resistance genes of Aegilops tauschii to powdery mildew were changed or inhibited to some extent in different cross combinations. With Laizhou 953 as the male parent, they were backcrossed with F1 hybrids of different combinations, and most of the combinations were backcrossed. The average backcrossing rate was 1.70%. With Laizhou 953 as the female parent and Laizhou 953 / Y225 F_1 Two seeds were obtained, indicating that hybrid F1 of common wheat and Aegilops can produce a small amount of pollen with the ability to fertilize. The backcrossed seeds were obtained from the backcrosses of Shannongfang 63 as male parent and Shannongfang 63 / Y219 F_1. Based on the analysis of the chromosome structure of hybrid F 1 PMCMI in 6 cross combinations of common wheat and Coarse Aegilops, more than 14 monovalent and multi-valent polytypes appeared frequently and the possible formation of chromosomes A and B The chromosomes of group D and group D of common goat were normal and could be freely recombined, which provided a cytological basis for the introduction of beneficial genes of common goat into common wheat.