Objective To analyze the factors relating with fertilization failure in conventional IVF cycles. Methods The total fertilization failure rate of 2429 IVF cycles from January 2011 to May 2012 in the Reproductive Centre of the Women and Children Hospital of Jiangxi Province were retrospectively analyzed. Risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results The total fertilization failure rate of conventional IVF-ET rate was 5.7% (139/2429). The percentage of morphologically normal sperm (11.1±5.8% vs 13.4±5.3%), progressive motility (47.4±10.5% vs 50.1±8.6%), percentage of couple primary infertility (79.1% vs 44.3%), percentage of female primary infertility (69.1% vs 36.3%), percentage of male primary infertility (74.8% vs 41.7%), percentage of without oviduct obstruction patients (30.2% vs 13.6%) and percentage of couples primary infertility (79.1% vs 44.3%) of the fertilization failure patients were significantly different from those of the fertilized patients (P<0.05). Besides, higher total fertilization failure rate was found in couples with isolated teratozoospermia than in couples with normal percentage of morphologically normal sperm (15.0% vs 5.2%). After that, it was found by multivariate logistic regression analyses that many factors including percentage of morphologically normal sperm, sperm concentration, couples primary infertility and female infertility years were related with fertilization failure. Conclusion Patients with low percentage of morphologically normal sperm (<4%), low sperm concentration and motility, male primary infertility, female primary infertility, without oviduct obstruction, long female infertility years or/and couples primary infertility are at high risk of fertilization failure. More attention should be paid to these patients for avoiding the fertilization failure. Objective To analyze the factors relating with fertilization failure in conventional IVF cycles. Methods The total fertilization failure rate of 2429 IVF cycles from January 2011 to May 2012 in the Reproductive Center of the Women and Children Hospital of Jiangxi Province were retrospectively analyzed. Risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyzes. Results The total fertilization failure rate of conventional IVF-ET rate was 5.7% (139/2429). The percentage of morphologically normal normal sperm (11.1 ± 5.8% vs 13.4 ± 5.3%), progressive motility (47.4 ± 10.5% vs 50.1 ± 8.6%), percentage of primary primary infertility (79.1% vs 44.3%), percentage of female primary infertility (69.1% vs 36.3%), percentage of male primary infertility (74.8% vs 41.7% , percentage of patients without oviduct obstruction (30.2% vs 13.6%) and percentage of couples primary infertility (79.1% vs 44.3%) of the fertilization failure patients were significantly different from those of the higher total fertilization failure rate was found in couples with isolated teratozoospermia than in couples with normal percentage of morphologically normal sperm (15.0% vs 5.2%). After that, it was found by multivariate logistic regression analyzes that many factors include percentage of morphologically normal sperm, sperm concentration, couples primary infertility and female infertility years were related with fertilization failure. Conclusion Patients with low percentage of morphologically normal sperm (<4%), low sperm concentration and motility, male primary infertility, female primary infertility, without oviduct obstruction, long female infertility years or / and couples primary infertility are at high risk of fertilization failure. More attention should be paid to these patients for avoiding the fertilization failure.