Background Hemophilia A (HA) is an X-linked inherited bleeding disorder caused by decreased activity of factor Ⅷ (FⅧ) due to heterogenous mutations in the FⅧ coding gene (F8). The type of mutation plays an important role in the FⅧ inhibitor formation. To date, several studies on the spectra of F8 defects have been performed in West populations, but similar studies in Asian races are scarce. Here, we reported the distribution of the F8 gene mutations in 18 unrelated Chinese patients with HA.Methods Intron 22 and intron 1 inversions in the F8 gene were screened in 158 unrelated patients with HA using a long-distance PCR and multiplex PCR method. Direct sequencing of the coding region of the F8 gene was used to identify the mutations responsible for HA in 18 unrelated Chinese HA patients who were negative for intron 22 and intron 1 inversions; sequences were compared with the HAMSTeRS database. A clotting method was used to assay the FⅧ activity level and the Bethesda assay was used to detect the FⅧ inhibitor.Results A total of 18 different HA F8 mutations were identified, seven of which were described for the first time. These novel mutations included five small deletions, one point mutation and one small insertion. One novel mutation (4382-3 AC deletion) was associated with inhibitor development.Conclusion These data extend our insight into the mechanisms by which novel amino acid mutations may lead to HA and how the HA patient genotypes influence the dsk of FⅧ inhibitor.