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ArcZ是一种大小为121个核苷酸的细菌非编码反式小RNA分子(small noncoding RNA,sRNA)。通过激活rpoS的表达,ArcZ间接地促进生物被膜基体组成部分菌毛和纤维素的表达;另外,其与ArcA/ArcB双组分系统互相负调控从而影响细菌用氧环境。ArcZ在近几年的研究中已被确定为细菌毒力调节的sRNA,能够对多种毒力决定因子发挥多重调节,包括细菌活力、淀粉酶产出、生物被膜形成及Ⅲ型分泌系统。本研究综述了ArcZ的结构、功能及作用机制方面的研究进展,并对其存在的生理意义进行了探讨。
ArcZ is a small noncoding RNA (sRNA) of 121 nucleotides in size. By activating rpoS expression, ArcZ indirectly promotes the expression of pili and cellulose in the biofilm matrix; in addition, it negatively regulates the ArcA / ArcB bi-component system and thus the bacterial oxygen environment. ArcZ has been identified as bacterial virulence-regulated sRNA in recent years and is capable of multiple regulators of various virulence determinants, including bacterial viability, amylase production, biofilm formation, and type III secretion systems. This review summarizes the research progress of ArcZ structure, function and mechanism of action, and discusses its physiological significance.