单克隆抗体(Monoclonal antibody,简称单抗)能识别许多类型人类肿瘤相关性抗原,因此利用定位于肿瘤的抗体来使抗癌药物定位这种尝试非常引人注目。这种方法可能是通过两种途径来提高抗癌药物的疗效:其一是对肿瘤尤其是转移灶的准确定位,其二是降低毒性反应。利用抗体定向释放药物有几种途径。以免疫毒素为例,这些药物作为抗体复合物被定向到肿瘤细胞并经内化作用(internalization)之后,即发挥其细胞毒作用。而且,药物复合物是通 Monoclonal antibodies (monoclonal antibodies) can recognize many types of human tumor-associated antigens, so the attempt to localize anticancer drugs using tumor-targeting antibodies is very attractive. This approach may be through two ways to improve the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs: one is the exact location of tumors, especially metastases, and the other is to reduce the toxicity. There are several ways to use the antibody to release drugs. Take immunotoxins as an example. After these drugs are directed to tumor cells as antibody complexes and undergo internalization, they exert their cytotoxic effects. Moreover, drug complexes are