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目的研究北京市成年男性居民超重及肥胖的流行病学现状及相关因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取35~60岁北京市男性居民2020名进行流行病学调查。应用问卷调查方法,调查调查对象的年龄、受教育水平、婚姻状况、职业、睡眠情况、吸烟及饮酒现况和体力活动等;测量受检者身高和体重,用以计算体质指数(BMI),作为肥胖的评价指标,同时测量腰围(WC)、臀围(HC),计算腰围/臀围比值(WHR),作为中心性肥胖的检测指标。将与男性超重和肥胖相关的因素分别进行多元线性回归分析。结果北京市35~60岁男性居民超重率及肥胖率分别为39.8%和21.0%,超重率随年龄的增加而增高,肥胖率却随年龄的增加有降低的趋势。不同BMI水平在人群职业、教育水平、睡眠、吸烟方面有显著性差异(P<0.05)。体力活动方面,活动强度,工作、家务和静坐方面的体力活动代谢当量数(METS)得分存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而交通和休闲METS得分无显著性差异。不同BMI水平低中高体力活动以及代谢当量存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。除体力劳动之外的其他非脑力劳动职业、目前吸烟是男性居民超重和肥胖的保护因素;年龄在40~49岁和50~60岁分别是超重和肥胖的保护因素,睡眠时间<7 h和高体力活动是男性居民肥胖的保护因素;而腰臀围比是超重和肥胖的危险因素。结论北京市35~60岁男性居民超重及肥胖率较高。
Objective To study the prevalence and related factors of overweight and obesity among adult male residents in Beijing. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 2020 male residents from 35 to 60 in Beijing for epidemiological investigation. The questionnaires were used to investigate the age, education level, marital status, occupation, sleep status, smoking and drinking status and physical activity of the surveyed subjects. The subjects’ height and weight were measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI) As indicators of obesity, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist circumference / hip circumference (WHR) were measured at the same time as the detection index of central obesity. Multivariate linear regression analysis of factors related to overweight and obesity in men were performed. Results The overweight rate and obesity rate of 35- to 60-year-old male residents in Beijing were 39.8% and 21.0% respectively. The overweight rate increased with the increase of age, while the obesity rate decreased with the increase of age. Different BMI levels in the population occupations, education levels, sleep, smoking were significantly different (P <0.05). For physical activity, there was a significant difference in METS scores for activity intensity, work, housework, and sit-in (P <0.05), while there was no significant difference in METS scores for traffic and leisure. There were significant differences in low, middle and high physical activity and metabolic equivalent at different levels of BMI (P <0.05). In addition to manual work other than non-mental work, smoking is currently male overweight and obesity protective factors; aged 40 to 49 and 50 to 60 years of age were overweight and obesity, respectively, and protection factors, sleep time <7 h and High physical activity is a protective factor for obesity in men; and waist-to-hip ratio is a risk factor for overweight and obesity. Conclusions Male residents 35 to 60 years old in Beijing are overweight and obese.