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目的:观察硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液对实验性家兔眼睛缩瞳作用及刺激性和毒性反应。方法:给正常家兔双眼滴入复方托品酰胺散瞳后,在麻醉状态下,行兔眼角膜缘穿刺前房,放出部分房水,分别注入1%、2%硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液。以BSS液作为对照组,在2、10min后分别测量瞳孔横径,并于24、48、72h在裂隙灯下观察双眼充血、角膜水肿及前房渗出情况。结果:注入2%硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液后的2、10min家兔眼睛的瞳孔横径从散瞳后的平均9.8mm分别缩至5.8mm、4.6mm,但均出现不同程度的流涎中毒症状。BSS液对家兔瞳孔横径几乎无影响和刺激性,对实验无干扰;注入1%的硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液后的2、10min家兔眼睛的瞳孔横径从散瞳后的平均11.0mm分别缩至6.0mm、5.2mm,家兔均未出现流涎中毒症状。结论:1%硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液的缩瞳作用可达到临床要求,而且毒副作用明显小于2%硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the miotic effect and irritation and toxicity of pilocarpine nitrate injection in rabbits eyes. Methods: The eyes of normal rabbits were infused with compound multivariate tropicamide dilated. Under anesthesia, the anterior chamber of the rabbit was punctured with the limbus, and part of aqueous humor was released. The aqueous humor was injected with 1% and 2% pilocarpine nitrate respectively. The BSS solution was used as a control group. The diameter of the pupil was measured at 2 and 10 minutes, and the edema of the eyes, corneal edema and exudation of the anterior chamber were observed under slit lamp at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: The pupil diameter of rabbits eyes were reduced to 5.8mm and 4.6mm respectively after 2% and 10min injection of 2% pilocarpine nitrate injection, from the average mydriasis of 9.8mm, but there were some symptoms of salivation. BSS solution had little or no effect on the pupil diameter of rabbits and had no interference with the experiment. The pupil diameter of rabbits eyes at 2 and 10 minutes after injecting 1% nitric acid pilocarpine injection decreased from 11.0 mm after dilation To 6.0mm, 5.2mm, no symptoms of salivation in rabbits. Conclusion: The miosis effect of 1% pilocarpine nitrate injection can meet the clinical requirements, and the side effects are obviously less than 2% pilocarpine nitrate injection.