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树突状细胞(DC)是最有效的抗原提呈细胞,在触发和调节免疫反应、产生免疫应答方面起重要作用。造血干细胞在分化成为DC后,主要分布于外周非淋巴组织,进一步分化成具有诱发免疫应答或免疫耐受的DC。DC摄取并提呈肿瘤相关抗原(TAA)给初始T细胞,T细胞活化后通过识别TAA产生特异性主动免疫,杀伤肿瘤细胞。大肠癌作为恶性肿瘤的一种,可以利用其特异性表面抗原作为TAA,诱导主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)限制性细胞毒反应,产生杀瘤细胞作用。临床前和临床研究证明以DC为基础的主动性免疫治疗在大肠癌手术后微小残存病和控制肿瘤生长方面发挥了一定作用。
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells that play an important role in triggering and regulating immune responses and generating immune responses. After differentiation into DCs, hematopoietic stem cells are mainly distributed in peripheral non-lymphoid tissues and further differentiated into DCs with induced immune response or immune tolerance. DC ingests and presents tumor-associated antigen (TAA) to naive T cells. After T cells are activated, they can produce specific active immunity by recognizing TAA and kill tumor cells. As a kind of malignant tumor, colorectal cancer can utilize its specific surface antigen as TAA to induce the cytotoxicity of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) to produce the tumor killing effect. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that DC-based proactive immunotherapy has played a role in the development of minimal residual disease and tumor growth control following colorectal cancer surgery.