本研究对196名高职新生的元认知水平进行调查并对他们进行了为期10周的元认知培训。研究发现高职类学生的元认知水平整体偏低,不能准确地进行自我评价,目标性、计划性差,他们缺乏选择合适的学习策略的能力。培训结果显示:元认知培训能提高元认知意识,增强学习的目标性、计划性,提高学习动机,还能帮助学生有效地选择学习策略,学习效果显著提高,元认知能力还具有迁移性。该研究结果对于高职教学有重要启发意义。 This study investigated the metacognitive level of 196 freshmen and conducted a 10-week metacognitive training on them. The research found that students in higher vocational colleges generally have low level of metacognitive skills, which can not be accurately evaluated with self-evaluation, objective and poor planning. They lack the ability to choose the appropriate learning strategies. The results of the training show that metacognitive training can improve metacognitive awareness, enhance learning objectives and planning, improve learning motivation, and help students to effectively choose learning strategies. The learning effect is significantly improved and metacognitive ability also has a shift Sex. The result of this research is of great significance to the teaching of higher vocational education.