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一、基本概况 (一)我省的气候因子: 湖南位于长江中游之南,地处北纬24°40′—30°05′,东经108°45′—114°10′之间,属副热带季风区大陆性气候,全省基本上属七山、一水、二分田的多山丘陵。热量充足,全年≥10℃的有效积温达5000℃左右,作物生长期达242天,年平均气温为16°—18℃,最低气温-15℃,极端高温达40℃左右,年降雨量在1300—1500mm,4—6月属雨季,占全年降水量的44％,7—8月进入旱季。由此可以看出我省栽种葡萄的有利条件:首先是7—8月浆果成熟期雨量少,光照充足,有利果实正常成熟;其次是生长期长,7—10月热量充足,有利葡萄二次结果,再次是葡萄在我省一般均能安全越冬,不需防寒。不利因素是生长前期4—6月降雨量多,光照不足,易使葡萄枝叶徒长,削弱对病害的抗性,造成病害严重。
I. Basic Information 1. Climate Factors in Hunan Province: Located in the south of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Hunan is located between 24 ° 40’-30 ° 05’N and 108 ° 45’-114 ° 10’E, and belongs to the subtropical monsoon region Continental climate, the province is basically Qishan, a water, two sub-fields of hills. Sufficient calories, the effective accumulated temperature ≥10 ℃ throughout the year up to about 5000 ℃, crop growth period of 242 days, the annual average temperature of 16 ° -18 ℃, the lowest temperature of -15 ℃, extreme high temperature of 40 ℃, the annual rainfall in 1300-1500mm, April-June is a rainy season, accounting for 44% of the annual rainfall, July-August into the dry season. It can be seen from the favorable conditions for planting grapevine in our province: First, from July to August berry ripening less rainfall, adequate light, fruit mature and normal; followed by a long growing period, July-October adequate heat, favorable grapes secondary As a result, grapes are again generally safe in winter in our province, without cold. Adverse factors is the early April to June rainfall, lack of light, easy to make grape branches and leaves lengthened, weaken the resistance to disease, resulting in serious disease.