杜夫海纳认为,材料是艺术作品构成的要素,材料的真实性赋予作品以物的本质,艺术品的感性来自材料;材料具有独立性,本身具有物质特性的审美性。艺术作品的感性必须被人们毫不费力地感知到,因此对材料的整理和组合是艺术家创作的基本任务,杜夫海纳把材料的组织分为两类:和声模式、节奏模式。和声模式有两个功能:界定艺术作品审美语言的各种成分,并加以分类,从而形成作品的风貌;通过材料的组合确立艺术作品的物质背景。材料的节奏模式是艺术作品各组成部分的一种布局,作品通过节奏模式实现运动,作品通过运动实现时间化,从而在运动中实现作品意义。 Dufrenne believes that material is an element of artwork, the authenticity of the material gives the essence of the artwork, the sensibility of the artwork comes from the material, and the material has its own independence and has the aesthetic nature of material features. The sensibility of works of art must be felt by people effortlessly. Therefore, the finishing and combination of materials is the basic task of artist creation. Dufrenne divides the organization of materials into two types: harmonic mode and rhythm mode. Harmony mode has two functions: define the various components of the aesthetic language of the artwork and classify it to form the style of the artwork; and establish the material background of the artwork through a combination of materials. The material’s rhythmic pattern is a layout of the various components of a work of art. The work realizes the movement through the rhythmic pattern and the work realizes the time through movement to achieve the meaning of the work in the movement.